COVID 19 is part of the coronavirus family and is caused by the SARS‑CoV‑2 virus. While many coronaviruses only cause mild cold‑like illnesses, newer ones such as COVID 19, SARS and MERS can lead to severe disease and even death.

COVID 19 spreads when the SARS-CoV-2 virus passes from an infected person to others. You can get the virus:

• Through the air: If an infected person near you sneezes, coughs or speaks without covering their mouth and nose. Tiny droplets and aerosols carrying the virus can enter your nose, mouth or eyes.
• By touching surfaces: If you touch a surface contaminated by the virus (for example, a doorknob or phone) and then touch your eyes, nose or mouth.
• Through physical contact: Shaking hands or close contact with an infected person can spread the virus.
• In crowded, poorly ventilated places: Risk is highest in indoor spaces where many people gather, especially if masks are not worn and ventilation is poor.

COVID 19 symptoms can be similar to those of influenza (the flu). They vary from person to person and may range from mild to severe.

Common Symptoms

• Fatigue
• Headache
• Cough
• Runny nose
• Fever or chills
• Sore throat
• Muscle aches
• Loss of taste or smell (often distinctive for COVID 19)

Severe Symptoms

• Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
• Chest pain or pressure
• Diarrhoea
• Nausea or vomiting
• Confusion or trouble staying awake
• Bluish lips or face (sign of low oxygen)

It is important to know that not everyone with COVID 19 will show symptoms, and some may only have mild illness. However, severe symptoms require urgent medical attention.

You can reduce your risk of infection and protect those around you by following these practices:

• Cover your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze. Use a disposable tissue or the inside of your elbow.
• Wash your hands regularly with soap and running water, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer
• Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth unless your hands are clean
• Keep a safe distance of about two metres (six feet) from others whenever possible
• Avoid large gatherings, especially in poorly ventilated spaces
• Clean and disinfect surfaces regularly, especially frequently touched items like doorknobs, phones, chairs and tables
• Limit physical contact with people outside your immediate household and avoid contact with anyone who is infected
• Wear a protective face mask in public places or when caring for someone who is sick
• Stay home if you feel unwell or suspect you may be infected
• Take extra precautions if you have underlying health conditions such as hypertension, heart disease, lung disease or diabetes